Clinical guidelines of patient-centered bladder management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction due to chronic spinal cord injury - Part 2: Conservative and minimally invasive treatment

Yao-Lin Kao¹, Jian-Ting Chen², Sung-Lang Chen³, I-Hung Shao⁴, Chung-Cheng Wang⁵, I-Ni Chiang⁶, Yu-Chao Hsu⁷, Kau-Han Lee⁸, Wei-Chia Lee⁹, Ting-Chun Yeh¹⁰, Yuh-Chen Kuo¹¹, Bing-Juin Chiang¹², Chun-Hou Liao¹², Po-Cheng Chen¹³, En Meng¹⁴, Yung-Chin Lee¹⁵, Hann-Chorng Kuo^16
1 Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
² Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Yuanlin Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
³ Department of Urology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital and School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
⁴ Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
⁵ Department of Urology, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taiwan
⁶ Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
⁷ Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch; School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
⁸ Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
⁹ Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
¹⁰ Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
¹¹ Department of Urology, Taipei City Hospital, Yangming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
¹² Department of Urology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
¹³ Department of Urology, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
¹⁴ Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
¹⁵ Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siao Gang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
¹⁶ Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

Correspondence Address:
Hann-Chorng Kuo
Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien 97002
Taiwan

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

DOI: 10.4103/UROS.UROS_116_22