CME TEST

Year : 2019  |  Volume : 30  |  Issue : 1  |  Page : 42-43

CME Test

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Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

CME Test

1. What statement considering the rate and risk factors for the second repair after pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy is wrong?



1. The second repair rate after primary unilateral or bilateral hernia repair was 7.52%
2. The risk factor that predicted the second repair was age of <4 years at the first time of primary hernia repair and unilateral hernia operation
3. Gender and prematurity were also risk factors for second hernia repair
4. Children who underwent a second repair present with a boys-to-girls ratio of 220:31
5. For children between 0-4 years, with the growth of age, the calculated rates for late occurrence of contralateral hernia after primary unilateral hernia repair is decreased.


Urol Sci 2019;30(1):24-29.


2. What statement considering penile rehabilitation using tadalafil for patients receiving nerve-sparing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy is wrong?



1. Penile rehabilitation with tadalafil 5 mg after nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy is safe and effective for Taiwan patients
2. Compared to severe ED, Patients with mild-to-moderate ED had significant benefit in erectile function recovery with daily dose tadalafil 5 mg
3. The patients received tadalafil 5 mg daily for at least 1 year and the overall post surgery potency rates at 1 year were 55.6%
4. According to the logistic regression analysis of associated risk factors, BMI and daily tadalafil use showed significant association with post surgery potency rates at 1 year
5. All statement is correct.


Urol Sci 2019;30(1):14-18.


3. What statement considering neuroanatomy and neurophysIology of micturition centers is incorrect?



1. There are three hierarchical micturition centers, including the sacral spinal center, subconscious structures and conscious structures
2. The frontal micturition area is shown to be activated during natural bladder filling and voiding
3. Detrusor hyperreflexia is the most frequent urodynamic finding after stroke and is likely attributable to the loss of inhibitory input from higher neurologic centers
4. Detrusor overactivity is significantly more prevalent in patients with hemorrhagic stroke as compared to patients with ischemic stroke
5. All statement is correct.


Urol Sci 2019;30(1):8-13.


4. What statement considering tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is wrong?



1. In 2004, Noller et al. first reported their clinical experience of using fibrin sealant at the renal parenchymal defect to facilitate nephrostomy tube free PCNL in 10 renal units
2. Compared to traditional standard PCNL, tubeless PCNL was associated with less postoperative urinary leakage, reduced local pain, and shorter hospital stay
3. Because tubeless PCNL does not have the tamponade effect of the nephrostomy tube after surgery, several applications of fibrin sealants and hemostatic agents have been demonstrated to improve hemostasis
4. According to the retrospectively review in Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Packed the renal access tract with oxidized regenerated cellulose (SurgicelTM) strips could apply compression force on the renal access tract and minimize hemorrhagic complications after tubeless PCNL
5. All statement is correct.


Urol Sci 2019;30(1):19-23.


5. What statement considering the immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) is wrong?



1. Two anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies, pembrolizumab and nivolumab, have approved for the treatment of advanced UC
2. Three anti-PD ligand-1 (PDL-1) monoclonal antibodies, including atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab, have demonstrated their efficacy in the treatment of advanced UC
3. The objective response rate response rate of the ICIs in unselected patients with advanced UC is more than 30%
4. Several ways to enhance the clinical efficacy of PD1/PDL1 blockade alone such as combination with either conventional therapeutic modality, targeted therapy, or other kinds of immunotherapy are undergoing
5. ICIrelated adverse events were generally lower than chemotherapy. The most frequently occurring immunerelated adverse events affect skin, colon, endocrine organs, liver, and lungs.


Urol Sci 2019;30(1):2-6.