| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2019 | Volume
: 30
| Issue : 1 | Page : 24-29 |
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Second repair of pediatric inguinal hernia: A longitudinal cohort study
Yi-Sheng Chen1, Stephen Shei-Dei Yang1, Judy Yi-Chu Chen2, Shang-Jen Chang1, Ke-Chi Chen3
1 Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi MedicalFoundation, New Taipei; School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
2 Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
3 School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei, Taiwan
Correspondence Address:
Ke-Chi Chen
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei
Taiwan
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 1 |
DOI: 10.4103/UROS.UROS_26_18
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Background: The objective of this nationwide observational study was to report the rate and risk factors for the second repair after pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy. Materials and Methods: Children born from 1998 to 2005 were chosen from a cohort of 1,000,000 cases, which were randomly selected from an insured population of 23 million people in Taiwan (Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005). We identified all hernia repairs in the period of 1998–2012 for the sample population and then used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to analyze the risk factors for the second repair after pediatric inguinal herniorrhaphy. Results: The total sample population comprised 79,820 children, with a male-to-female ratio of 4.27:1. During a mean observation period of 11.4 ± 2.2 years, 3339 (4.18%) of the children in the sample population received primary inguinal hernia repair. Of the 251 children (7.52%) who underwent a second repair, 220 were boys (8.13%) and 31 were girls (4.9%); 244 (8.62%) underwent primary unilateral hernia repair, and 7 (1.38%) underwent primary bilateral hernia repair. Considering that bilateral hernia involves unilateral hernia on two sides, the expected recurrence rate after primary unilateral hernia repair was calculated as 0.69%. The calculated rates for late occurrence of contralateral hernia after primary unilateral hernia repair were 11.04%, 7.73%, and 3.28% for children aged 0–1, 1–4, and >4 years, respectively. Significant risk factors for second hernia repair were age at first primary hernia repair and unilateral hernia (P < 0.001). Gender and prematurity were not risk factors for second hernia repair. Conclusions: The second repair rate after primary unilateral or bilateral hernia repair was 7.52%. The only risk factor that predicted the second repair was age of <4 years at the time of operation. The expected recurrence rate after any hernia was estimated as 0.69%.
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